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目的:探讨新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的危险因素,并采取针对性措施进行防控。方法:目标性监测2011年1月~2013年12月该院NICU收治的564名危重新生儿VAP的发生率,并对VAP的危险因素及感染病原菌进行考察分析。结果:564名危重新生儿中VAP患儿共211例,VAP发生率为37.4%;共使用呼吸机天数958天,日感染率为22.0%。与目标性监测前(2007~2010年)相比,VAP发生率及日感染率均显著下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患儿的胎龄、出生体重、机械通气(MV)时间及插管次数均影响VAP的发生率。结论:经目标性监测,掌握VAP的特点,并制定相应的干预计划,可有效降低该病的发生和发展。
Objective: To investigate the risk factors of neonatal ventilator-associated pneumonia (NICU) in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and to take targeted measures to prevent and control them. Methods: Objective To monitor the incidence of VAP in 564 critically ill neonates admitted to NICU in our hospital from January 2011 to December 2013, and to investigate the risk factors of VAP and pathogenic bacteria. Results: A total of 211 children with VAP in 564 critically ill newborns had a VAP incidence rate of 37.4%. The total number of ventilator days was 958 days and the daily infection rate was 22.0%. Compared with the pre-monitoring (2007-2010), the incidence of VAP and the daily infection rate decreased significantly, with statistical significance (P <0.05). Children’s gestational age, birth weight, mechanical ventilation (MV) time and the number of intubation affect the incidence of VAP. Conclusion: After targeted monitoring, mastering the characteristics of VAP and formulating the corresponding intervention plan can effectively reduce the incidence and development of the disease.