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一、法国卫生体制概况法国政体自1789年大革命以来多次变更,直到1875年才最后确立起议会制共和政体。在该国历届政府中,卫生部为最高卫生行政机构。卫生部长的职责主要为制定卫生工作的条例和命令;管理公共卫生事宜,监督和领导各级卫生机构和其它执行机构等。 1981年5月10日就职的密特朗总统的首届内阁中,卫生部长为Jack Ralite。之后,为适应该国卫生事业发展、适应现代社会的要求和解决法国人关心的一些问题,内阁未再单独设立“卫生部”。现内阁中设立了“社会事务和国家团结部”,并由该部内设立的“卫生总局”、“医院管理局”和“医药器械局”负责和管理国家卫生事宜。
I. Overview of the French health system The French government has changed several times since the 1789 revolution. It was not until 1875 that it finally established a parliamentary republic. In the successive governments of the country, the Ministry of Health was the highest health administrative agency. The responsibility of the Minister of Health is mainly to formulate regulations and orders for health work; to manage public health issues, to supervise and lead health organizations and other implementing agencies at all levels. In the first cabinet of President Mitterrand, who took office on May 10, 1981, the Minister of Health was Jack Ralite. Later, in order to adapt to the development of the country’s health industry, to meet the requirements of modern society, and to resolve some issues of concern to the French, the Cabinet did not establish a separate “Ministry of Health.” The “Ministry of Social Affairs and National Solidarity” has been set up in the cabinet, and the “General Administration of Health”, “Hospital Authority” and “Medicine and Equipment Administration” set up within the Ministry of Health are responsible for and administering national health matters.