目的　探讨垂体腺瘤术后并发症发生的原因及预防措施。方法　回顾性分析 4 2例垂体腺瘤术后发生并发症患者的临床资料。结果　经鼻蝶手术组 7例 ,发生尿崩症 1例 ,脑脊液漏 2例 ,尿崩症合并脑脊液漏 3例 ,脑脊液漏合并颅内感染 1例 ;额下入路组 12例 ,发生尿崩症 7例 ,抽搐 2例 ,鞍区血肿 1例 ,脑室出血 1例 ,垂体功能低下 1例 ;翼点入路组 2 3例 ,发生尿崩症 15例 ,其中合并下丘脑损伤 2例 ,低钠血症 4例 ,其中合并消化道出血 1例 ,全垂体功能减退 4例。结论　肿瘤的大小与扩展方向决定垂体腺瘤不同术式的选择和术后并发症的发生 Objective To investigate the causes and preventive measures of postoperative complications of pituitary adenoma. Methods The clinical data of 42 patients with postoperative complications of pituitary adenoma were retrospectively analyzed. Results In the nasal surgery group, 7 cases developed diabetes insipidus, 2 cases of cerebrospinal fluid leakage, 3 cases of diabetes insipidus with cerebrospinal fluid leakage, and 1 case of cerebrospinal fluid leakage and intracranial infection. In frontal approach group, 12 cases developed diabetes insipidus 7 cases of seizures, 2 cases of convulsions, 1 case of sella hematoma, 1 case of ventricular hemorrhage, 1 case of pituitary dysfunction; pterional approach group of 23 cases, 15 cases of diabetes insipidus occurred, including 2 cases of hypothalamic injury, low 4 cases of hyperlipidemia, including gastrointestinal bleeding in 1 case, all pituitary dysfunction in 4 cases. Conclusion The size of the tumor and its direction of expansion determine the choice of different surgical procedures for pituitary adenomas and postoperative complications