尽管建筑群的外立面保持了相对统一的风格,但事实上,未来的省级“四馆”都会保留一些个性的成分。
有一些是大家可以直接想象出来的,比如博物馆需要有大量的展陈空间和收藏空间,为了保护陈列和收藏的那些宝贝,需要让室内环境尽可能地稳定,因此它的外立面墙体将会以实墙为主。而图书馆正好相反,因为人在其中活动,需要相对明亮的采光,因此其外立面会相对多使用一些透明玻璃,以增加室内的采光面积。
也有一些是大家可能想不到的。比如文學馆,按照目前的规划,文学馆中会有一些小型的展览、讲座空间,以及供儿童学习活动的室内外空间。此外文学馆还会设置一些作家创作室,吸引国内外知名作家入驻、创作。因此,曹跃进表示,在设计时会更注重一些文人氛围的营造,并确保一个相对安静的空间。
再比如非遗馆。曹跃进说,在与非遗馆的责任单位对接之后,对这个“馆内外都要别具一格”的新馆舍充满期待,也感受到挑战。非遗馆想要呈现的“活态传承”理念,以及让游人融入展陈空间的设想,也让曹跃进非常有兴趣。
除了这些充满个性的设想,在听取相关责任单位所提出的要求后,曹跃进也发现了一些共性,比如“四馆”都对自己的中央大厅有一些复杂的要求。以图书馆为例,它的中央大厅是整个馆舍空间联系的纽带,但它又必须要有展示区域和储藏功能。而除此之外,馆方希望设计师能打造出一个别致的、具有浙江特色又很有视觉冲击效果的中央大厅:“既要过目不忘,又要体验良好”。而同样考验团队设计功力的是博物馆的中央大厅。作为之江文化中心占地面积最大的建筑,博物馆的中央大厅需要与外观保持相对一致的山水建筑理念,还要融入一些能够代表浙江文化底色的元素,比如良渚文化等等。
除了“四馆”建设外,与之江文化中心配套的公共服务中心,将建有会展中心、教育艺术中心、儿童活动中心以及停车场。半开放式的文化景观公园,将会打造成一个充满人文气息,又带有江南园林特征,同时具备文化品位的户外空间。作为之江文化中心的有机构成之一,它将会作为“四馆”的补充与延伸,提供相对较大的户外活动平台和室外的儿童活动平台,为文旅融合发展打下基础。
曹跃进表示,之江文化中心的建设,无论从选址还是建设标准来说都具备了相当的前瞻性。比如其选址位于之江文化带的核心区块,周边的文化氛围已日益浓厚,交通规划也十分便利。而在馆舍功能方面,设计需要有超前意识,要留足发展空间。其设施也是以“先进性、智慧性、示范性、引领性”为目标。此外在软件方面,之江文化中心也是以“成为全国先进,迈入世界一流行列”为目标。而未来,之江文化带将与周围的云栖小镇、艺创小镇一同形成三大文化集群,以浙江音乐学院和中国美术学院两大学院为支点,撬动整个之江新城板块,成为浙江乃至全世界都有影响力的文化集群。
【唐】白居易
其一
江南好,风景旧曾谙。日出江花红胜火,春来江水绿如蓝。能不忆江南?
其二
江南忆,最忆是杭州。山寺月中寻桂子,郡亭枕上看潮头。何日更重游!
其三
江南忆,其次忆吴宫。吴酒一杯春竹叶,吴娃双舞醉芙蓉。早晚复相逢!
Poetic Imagination for New Cultural Center in Hangzhou
By Chen Danning
February 28, 2018 saw the starting of the construction of Zhijiang Cultural Center, a provincial undertaking which is to house the new sites of Zhejiang Museum, Zhejiang Library, Zhejiang Museum for Intangible Cultural Heritage, and Zhejiang Literature Museum, in Binjiang District across the Qiantang River from downtown Hangzhou.
With culture, nature, art and ecology integrated into this project, the center is designed to stand as the latest cultural landmark of Hangzhou and Zhejiang.
As early as 2016, Zhejiang offered architects all over the world an opportunity to design the center. The design must feature two salient aspects: the center itself and its fusion with the surrounding urban development. The organizers of received bidding documents from 86 architecture firms. Fifty of the bidders submitted conceptual plans. After several rounds of consideration and evaluation, eight plans were on a shortlist and presented at Zhejiang Library for public opinion. Eventually, Architecture-Studio, a French architecture practice founded in 1973, came out as the winner.
Zhejiang Institute of Architectural Design has been picked to flesh out the conceptual plan and make it into practical blueprints down to all details and Zhejiang Construction Engineering Group has been commissioned to translate the blueprints into reality. Just the other day, we had an interview with Cao Yuejin, the chief architect in charge of the design project for the center, about the cultural landmark.
According to Cao, the new center is by no means a single architecture under whose roof all the four houses stay side by side. The four stand alone from each other, on the four sides of the large compound, with a park in the center and all the public service infrastructure and parking spaces underground. Conceptually, this gigantic structure that integrates all the independent units into a whole represents the idea of harmony in Chinese culture.
The chief architect states that the detailed design of the compound and the individual buildings can be described in ancient Chinese wisdom and poems. He specifies. A well-known ancient adage says that the wise love mountains but the benevolent love rivers. As culture pursues truth and enhances wisdom, the concept of rivers and mountains is to be expressed in the blueprints. The three museums and the library are considered to look like mountains where the park in the center has every reason to sprawl like a river, symbolizing truth and wisdom respectively and achieving a harmony of the two.
Cao quotes some lines from ancient Chinese poems to give more details about the design, saying the symbols of mountains and rivers on the compound can be seen if one explores carefully. Done with the ancient poems, he concludes that the general design embodies eight goals the new center is designed to represent: diversity, public benefit, convenience, sharing, breakthrough, tradition, openness, and culture.
Cao says individuality is a feature that must be emphasized. Though the four separate structures are poised to contribute to the overall harmony, each presents some special challenges that must be addressed individually. For example, as Zhejiang Museum needs large spaces for both holding exhibitions and safeguarding its precious collections, the inner structure must be solid and stable and the external walls must be solid and strong. On the other hand, Zhejiang Library needs as many glass windows as possible. Zhejiang Literature Museum can be a little bit different from the other three in that it needs a set of relatively small spaces for various functions. For example, the space for small-scaled exhibitions and the space for lectures there don’t have to be cavernous. And the museum needs a space for children to play both indoor and outdoor. The museum plans to provide offices where writers can shut themselves up and write quietly without much interference from the outside. Cao Yuejin says this museum needs tranquility and privacy.
In addition to the four separate structures, there will be a series of public service spaces for parking, exhibition, art and education, and a large outdoor space for public events and children’s activities.
The Zhijiang Cultural Center is by no means a standing-alone cultural facility in the neighborhood. Ideally, it is connected with Cloud Town which is dedicated to the cutting-edge cloud computing and Art Town as well as China Academy of Art and Zhejiang Conservatory of Music in close neighborhood.