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目的了解河南省现阶段5岁以下儿童乙肝病毒感染现状。方法利用国家卫生部“甲型H1N1流感感染状况快速血清学调查”血清和河南省免疫规划综合监测5岁以下儿童血清进行乙肝血清流行病学研究。结果 1 082名(男501例,女581例)5岁以下儿童HBsAg、anti-HBs、anti-HBc阳性率分别为0.65%、55.80%、0.65%。2010年HBsAg携带率(0.65%)较1992(10.80%)年(x2=88.73,P<0.001)差异有统计学意义,较2002(2.17%)年(x2=3.34,P>0.05)差异无统计学意义。2010年HBV感染率(0.65%)较2002年(5.65%)(x2=31.65,P<0.001)差异有统计学意义;2002年(5.65%)乙肝感染率较1992(13.88%)年(x2=17.86,P<0.001)差异有统计学意义。结论河南省5岁以下儿童HBsAg流行率已降至1%以下,接种乙肝疫苗是预防和控制乙型肝炎病毒感染的有效措施。
Objective To understand the status of hepatitis B virus infection in children under 5 years old in Henan Province at this stage. Methods Using the national Ministry of Health “rapid serological survey of Influenza A (H1N1) infection” and the immunization program of Henan Province to comprehensively monitor the serum of children under 5 years of age for hepatitis B seroprevalence study. Results The positive rates of HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc in 1 082 (501 males and 581 females) children under 5 years old were 0.65%, 55.80% and 0.65% respectively. The difference of HBsAg carrier rate in 2010 (0.65%) from that in 1992 (10.80%) was significant (x2 = 88.73, P <0.001) Significance of learning. The infection rate of HBV in 2010 (0.65%) was statistically different from that in 2002 (5.65%) (x2 = 31.65, P <0.001) 17.86, P <0.001), the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions The prevalence of HBsAg in children under 5 years of age in Henan province has dropped below 1%. Hepatitis B vaccine is an effective measure to prevent and control hepatitis B virus infection.