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采用颗粒肥的静态水浸法和动态淋溶法,研究了自行开发研制的PVA改性淀粉粘结剂和DPS-2改性淀粉粘结剂生产的有机复混颗粒肥(A、B)及传统无机粘结剂硅酸钠作为对照生产的有机复混颗粒肥(C)的养分缓释特性。试验结果表明:在静态水浸条件下,3种颗粒肥均具有缓释效果,颗粒肥A和B的缓释效果均优于颗粒肥C,以颗粒肥A的缓释效果最为显著,7d内全氮、全磷及全钾的累积溶出率分别为36.3%、4.5%及31.4%。动态的养分淋溶试验结果显示颗粒肥的养分释放速率快于静态条件下养分释放,当淋溶液为500 ml时,颗粒肥B的全氮、全磷及全钾的累积溶出率为72.3%、18.5%和69.9%,其缓释效果最优,其次是颗粒肥A和C。3种颗粒肥的养分初级溶出率和微分溶出率分别在3.2%~24.7%和0.2%d-1~4.5%d-1之间。由此可以看出,改性淀粉粘结剂生产的颗粒肥具有缓释效果,用它代替传统的无机粘结剂生产高浓度的胶基有机复混颗粒肥是可行的。
Using the method of static water immersion and dynamic leaching of granular fertilizer, the organic compound fertilizer (A, B) produced by PVA modified starch binder and DPS-2 modified starch binder developed by ourselves was studied. Nutrient Slow Release Characteristics of Organic Compound Granular Fertilizer (C) Produced as a Control with Conventional Inorganic Binder Sodium Silicate. The results showed that under the condition of static water immersion, the three kinds of granular fertilizer all had slow release effect, and the slow release effect of granular fertilizer A and B was better than that of granular fertilizer C, and the slow release effect of granular fertilizer A was the most obvious. Within 7 days The cumulative dissolution rates of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium were 36.3%, 4.5% and 31.4%, respectively. The results of dynamic nutrient leaching experiment showed that the nutrient release rate of granular fertilizer was faster than that under static conditions. When the leaching solution was 500 ml, the cumulative dissolution rate of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium of granular fertilizer B was 72.3% 18.5% and 69.9%, the slow release of the best, followed by granular fertilizer A and C. The nutrient primary dissolution rate and differential dissolution rate of the three types of granular fertilizers ranged from 3.2% to 24.7% and 0.2% d-1 to 4.5% d-1, respectively. It can be seen that the modified starch binder produced by the slow release of granular fertilizer, using it instead of the traditional inorganic binder production of high concentrations of gum based organic compound fertilizer is feasible.