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在利用水均衡法进行水资源的定量评价中需要确定一些参数,如地表迳流系数、入渗系数、蒸发系数、侧向补给量、越流补给量、排泄量等等。这些参数因地而异、因时而变,不易测定,在计算中难免有某种程度的主观随意性。为了避开上述缺点,我们在山东某水源地的勘探过程中利用了水位动态资料进行水均衡计算,取得了满意的结果。现将计算过程介绍如下。表1是勘探区内年降水量、开采量,和区内十九个观测孔历年平均水位变化量的统计表。
Some parameters need to be determined in the quantitative evaluation of water resources using the water balance method, such as surface runoff coefficient, infiltration coefficient, evaporation coefficient, lateral replenishment volume, recirculation recharge volume, discharge volume and so on. These parameters vary from place to place, change from time to time, not easy to measure, it is inevitable in the calculation of a certain degree of subjectivity and arbitrariness. In order to avoid the above shortcomings, we used the water level dynamic data to calculate the water balance in the exploration process of a water source in Shandong and achieved satisfactory results. Now the calculation process is as follows. Table 1 shows the annual precipitation in the exploration area, the amount of mining and the statistical change of the average annual water level of 19 observation wells in the area.