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目的了解湘西州土家族、苗族中学生健康相关行为及特点,为促进少数民族地区中学生健康成长提供参考。方法分层随机整群抽取湘西土家族苗族自治州三县一市的土家族、苗族中学生2 094名进行问卷调查。结果土家族、苗族中学生有33.24%经常喝牛奶,63.56%每天吃早餐,睡眠时间能保证有6 h以上的超过80%;有37.15%的学生在睡前加餐,27.84%偏食;缺乏锻炼/体力活动的学生高达66.05%;44.94%尝试吸烟,66.62%尝试饮酒;14.23%玩电子游戏成瘾;42.26%骑自行车违章,34.24%到非安全场所游泳。结论土家族、苗族中学生各类危害健康行为普遍存在。应积极开展对少数民族地区中学生的健康教育,促进学生健康成长。
Objective To understand the health-related behaviors and characteristics of Tujia and Miao middle school students in western Hunan and to provide reference for the healthy growth of middle school students in ethnic minority areas. Methods A stratified random cluster of 2 094 Tujia and Miao middle school students from three counties and one municipality of Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture was surveyed. Results Tujia and Miao middle school students had 33.24% regular milk, 63.56% daily breakfast, sleep time more than 80% more than 6 hours, 37.15% students before going to bed, 27.84% partial eclipse, lack of exercise / 44.54% tried to smoke, 66.62% tried to drink alcohol; 14.23% played video games addicted to drugs; 42.26% biased in violation of the rules and 34.24% went to swim in unsafe places. Conclusion Tujia and Miao middle school students are all kinds of harmful health behaviors. We should actively carry out the health education of middle school students in ethnic minority areas and promote the healthy growth of students.