一、概况 早在十九世纪末期伦琴(Roentgen)发现了X射线后,人们就开始研究化学元素和X射线的关系。1913年莫塞莱(Moseley)发现了各元素的同名特征谱线的波长和其原子序数之间存在着简单的数学关系:即波长正比于原子序数平方的倒数。这一重要发现奠定了X射线光谱分析的理论基础。 X射线光谱分析技术的发展一直和仪器的发展有着密切的关系。从原先的照相法到 I. Overview As early as the late XIX century Roentgen found X-ray, people began to study the relationship between chemical elements and X-ray. In 1913 Moseley discovered that there was a simple mathematical relationship between the wavelength of the spectral lines of the same name for each element and its atomic number: the wavelength is proportional to the reciprocal of the square of the atomic number. This important discovery laid the theoretical foundation for X-ray spectroscopy. The development of X-ray spectroscopy has been closely related to the development of instruments. From the original camera method to