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陶瓷砖是现在用于室内装饰材料使用最频繁的材料之一,其中含有的天然放射性核素镭、钍衰变会产生的γ、β射线,γ射线的穿透力很强,会穿透人体并和体内细胞发生碰撞,从而破坏人体的淋巴细胞,使人的免疫力降低;β射线的射程较短,对小孩、孕妇和老人的影响较大。本文介绍了陶瓷砖放射性核素的来源,并对现行的国内外相关检验标准进行了对比,通过分析陶瓷砖国家监督抽查数据,发现我国的陶瓷砖的放射性核素水平合格率处于较高水平。针对陶瓷装饰材料含有的放射性核素的一些现状进行了分析,并对陶瓷砖的使用提供了一些建议。
Ceramic tiles are one of the most frequently used materials for interior decoration materials nowadays. The contained natural radionuclides radium and thorium decay produce strong penetrating power of γ, β rays and γ rays and penetrate the human body And the body cells collide, thus destroying the body’s lymphocytes, people’s immunity is reduced; β-ray shorter range, greater impact on children, pregnant women and the elderly. This paper introduces the origin of ceramic tile radionuclides, and compares the current domestic and foreign inspection standards. By analyzing the national supervision spot checks of ceramic tiles, we find that the qualified rate of radionuclides in our country is at a high level. Some current situation of radionuclides contained in ceramic decorative materials is analyzed and some suggestions are given for the use of ceramic bricks.