先天性心脏病是小儿最常见的心血管疾病。解放前国内只能靠体检及心电图检查初步作出临床诊断,仅能作动脉导管未闭结扎术。解放后由于诊断技术的不断提高和麻醉外科技术的发展,使多种先天性心脏病得到了正确的诊断和及时的外科治疗。尤其是近年来患病率及半岁到1岁以内的死亡率有了明显的下降。 Congenital heart disease is the most common cardiovascular disease in children. Before liberation can only rely on physical examination and ECG preliminary clinical diagnosis, only for patent ductus arteriosus ligation. After the liberation of the continuous improvement of diagnostic techniques and anesthesia surgical techniques, so that a variety of congenital heart disease has been the correct diagnosis and timely surgical treatment. In particular, the prevalence rate in recent years and the mortality rate from the first half of the year to the first year of age have been significantly reduced.