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目的了解湖北医药学院大三医学生的营养状况、态度及饮食行为,为开展营养健康教育提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法对该学院大三学生进行问卷调查,问卷内容涉及医学生的营养状况、态度及饮食行为,用SPSS统计学软件包对数据统计分析。结果共发放问卷500份,回收有效问卷489份,其中男生195名,女生294名。489名学生中营养不良者152例(31.08%),营养正常者322例(65.85%),营养过剩者15例(3.07%);女生营养不良发生率(35.37%)高于男生(24.62%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);营养正常的男女比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);营养过剩发生率男生高于女生(P<0.05);大多数学生具有良好的营养态度,191名(64.97%)女生认为现在膳食不合理,高于男生(55.38%)且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但87.07%的女生表示不愿意改变不合理的饮食习惯,而高达96.41%的男生表示愿意改变,两者比较,P<0.05。在饮食行为中,489名学生中不吃早餐的有137名,占28.02%;在不吃早餐的学生中114名(83.21%)出现营养不良;吃早餐的352名学生中有38名(10.80%)出现营养不良;不吃早餐的学生营养不良发生率明显高于吃早餐的学生(P<0.05)。结论该院大三医学生营养态度较积极,但部分大学生营养状况及饮食行为不佳,学校仍需对学生加强营养健康教育。
Objective To understand the nutritional status, attitude and diet of junior medical students in Hubei Medical College and to provide the basis for nutrition and health education. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on the junior college students. The questionnaire involved the medical students’ nutritional status, attitude and dietary behaviors. SPSS statistical software package was used to analyze the data. Results A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed and 489 valid questionnaires were returned, of which 195 were boys and 294 were girls. Among 489 students, 152 (31.08%) were malnourished, 322 (65.85%) were well-nourished, and 15 (3.07%) were nourished. The incidence of malnutrition among girls was 35.37% higher than that of boys (24.62%), , The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); there was no significant difference between male and female with normal nutrition (P> 0.05); the incidence of overnutrition was higher in boys than girls (P <0.05); most students had good nutrition attitude , 191 (64.97%) females think the diet is unreasonable now, higher than boys (55.38%) and the difference is statistically significant (P <0.05); but 87.07% of girls said they do not want to change unreasonable diet, 96.41% of boys said they were willing to change, the two were compared, P <0.05. Of the 489 students who did not eat breakfast, 137 (28.02%) did not eat breakfast, 114 (83.21%) did not eat breakfast, malnutrition, and 38 of the 352 students who eaten breakfast (10.80 %) Showed malnutrition; students who did not eat breakfast had a significantly higher incidence of malnutrition than those who ate breakfast (P <0.05). Conclusion The third year medical students in the hospital have a more positive attitude to nutrition. However, some of the undergraduates have poor nutritional status and poor dietary behaviors. The school still needs to strengthen nutrition and health education for students.