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目的了解江门市职业人群2011—2013年来健康体检口腔面部基本检查结果,观察不同职业接触组的口腔面部健康状况。方法采用望诊、触诊、扪诊、叩诊等常规口腔检查方法,记录常见疾病及异常表现,不同岗位作业人员的观察组织有所侧重,并对检查结果进行分析。结果口腔面部病变有多种表现,检查人群中以面颈部皮肤病变、牙齿组织病变(龋齿、牙根尖炎、牙本质过敏、氟牙症)、牙周组织病变(牙龈充血、牙周炎)、舌根部小滤泡、口腔黏膜溃疡等常见,其中龋齿、舌根部小滤泡、牙周炎最多,三年间检出率分别为16.31‰~17.57‰、15.84‰~28.20‰、9.19‰~20.02‰。不同岗位作业人员面部口腔重点观察部位病变检出率高于总体人群,接触汞、锡及其化合物作业人员牙龈充血检出率56.00‰~65.09‰,接触粉尘或甲醛作业者舌根部小滤泡检出率26.82‰~48.99‰,颊黏膜红肿或增生见于接触镉、锰及其化合物作业人员,检出率为35.18‰~47.39‰,牙龈铅线仅见于接触铅及其化合物而且尿铅含量明显增高者。结论不同的职业病危害因素接触组有不同的口腔发病部位、临床表现以及集中发作的特点。应采取适当的健康监护措施,让从业人员的口腔常见疾病和异常表现维持在较低水平内。
Objective To understand the basic examination results of oral health examination in occupational groups from 2011 to 2013 in Jiangmen City and to observe the oral health status of different occupational exposure groups. Methods The routine oral examinations including palpation, palpation, palpation and percussion were used to record the common diseases and abnormalities. The observing organizations of different positions were emphatically focused and the examination results were analyzed. Results There were many manifestations of oral facial lesions. The examination of the skin lesions in the face and neck area, dental tissue lesions (dental caries, apical endodontitis, dentin hypersensitivity, dental fluorosis), periodontal tissue lesions (gingival congestion, periodontitis) , Small follicles in the base of the tongue and oral mucosal ulcers are common, including caries, small follicles in the tongue base and periodontitis. The detection rates in the three years were 16.31 ‰ ~ 17.57 ‰, 15.84 ‰ ~ 28.20 ‰, 9.19 ‰ ~ 20.02 ‰. The detection rate of the lesion in the key oral observation sites in different positions was higher than that in the general population. The detection rate of gingival hyperemia in workers exposed to mercury, tin and their compounds ranged from 56.00 ‰ to 65.09 ‰, The rate of 26.82 ‰ ~ 48.99 ‰, buccal mucosal swelling or hyperplasia seen in contact with cadmium, manganese and its compounds workers, the detection rate was 35.18 ‰ ~ 47.39 ‰, gingival lead only seen in contact with lead and its compounds and urine lead levels were significantly higher By. Conclusion Different exposure factors of occupational diseases have different oral disease sites, clinical manifestations and the characteristics of concentrated attacks in the exposure group. Appropriate health care measures should be taken to keep the common oral diseases and abnormalities of practitioners at a low level.