论文部分内容阅读
小麦栽培管理计算机专家系统（ＥＳＷＣＭ）是利用计算机人工智能技术，把４０多年来小麦栽培科学取得的研究成果和专家的知识经验做系统集成而建立的综合性、智能化的计算机决策系统。ＥＳＷＣＭ把模型技术和专家系统技术有机结合起来，是一个基于模型的专家系统。在组织结构上，ＥＳＷＣＭ由包括气象、土壤、植保和社会经济条件累计１０００万多个数据组成的数据库系统（ＤＢＳ），５００多条知识规则组成的知识库系统（ＫＢＳ），９种类型７２个模型组成的模型库系统（ＭＢＳ）、推理机（ＩＥ）、人机界面（ＩＣＥ）及系统的维护程序等部分组成。系统设计时，引进了软件工程的概念，软件各个模块可在同一集成环境下运行，又可以单独使用。ＥＳＷＣＭ具有按产量设计程序、实现计划生产；有预见地调节、控制小麦的群体结构和理想株型，增加有效生长和有效积累；确定包括品种选择、播种、施肥、灌溉、生长调节剂的使用和病虫害防治等内容的因地制宜的优化组合、因苗管理的最佳方案，分类指导的应变决策功能。根据１９９４、１９９５两年的实际应用和示范验证结果，由ＥＳＷＣＭ控制的８０个试点地块在原有基础上产量增加１０％～１５％，成本降低５％～７％，效益增加１５％～２０％。目前，ＥＳＷＣＭ?
The Wheat Cultivation Management Computer Expert System (ESWCM) is a comprehensive and intelligent computerized decision-making system that utilizes computer artificial intelligence technology to systematically integrate the research results obtained in the field of wheat cultivation for more than 40 years with the knowledge and experience of experts. ESWCM model technology and expert system technology organically, is a model-based expert system. In terms of organizational structure, the ESWCM consists of a database system (DBS) consisting of more than 10 million data including meteorological, soil, plant protection and socio-economic conditions, a knowledge base system (KBS) consisting of more than 500 knowledge rules, and nine types of 72 Model composed of model library system (MBS), reasoning machine (IE), human-machine interface (ICE) and system maintenance procedures and other components. System design, the introduction of the concept of software engineering, software modules can run in the same integrated environment, but also can be used alone. ESWCM has the ability to plan production according to production design, adjust and control the population structure and ideal plant type of wheat in a predictable way, increase effective growth and accumulate efficiently, and determine the application of variety selection, sowing, fertilizing, irrigation, growth regulator and Pest control and other content-based optimization of the combination of the best plan for the management of seedlings, classified guidance to the emergency decision-making function. According to the practical application and demonstration verification results in 1994 and 1995, 80 pilot plots controlled by ESWCM increased 10% -15%, cost decreased by 5% -7% and benefit increased by 15% -20% on the original basis. . Currently, ESWCM?