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研究食品水足迹消耗对区域水资源持续利用具有重要意义。基于虚拟水和水足迹理论,核算了2001～2011年重庆都市区食品水足迹供给量、食品水足迹消耗量和食品水足迹贸易量,并分析三者变化的原因。研究结果表明,食品水足迹供给量由2001年的20.05×108 m3下降到2011年的17.43×108 m3,食品水足迹消耗量由2001年的35.43×108 m3增长到2011年的46.57×108 m3;食品水足迹供给量小于消耗量,食品水足迹进口量由2001年的18.343×108 m3增长到2011年的30.882×108 m3。生产规模缩小是食品水足迹供给量下降的原因,人口增长和生活水平提高导致食品水足迹消耗量增长。在进口食品水足迹的同时需改进生产方式和调整食品消耗模式,以缓解食品水足迹供需矛盾。
Studying the consumption of food water footprint is of great importance to the sustainable utilization of regional water resources. Based on the theory of virtual water and water footprint, the trade volume of food water footprint, consumption of food water footprint and water footprint of foodstuff in Chongqing metropolitan area during 2001-2011 was calculated and the reasons for the three changes were analyzed. The results showed that the food water footprint decreased from 20.05 × 108 m3 in 2001 to 17.43 × 108 m3 in 2011, and food water footprint consumption increased from 35.43 × 108 m3 in 2001 to 46.57 × 108 m3 in 2011; The supply of food water footprint is less than the consumption. The import of food water footprint increased from 18.343 × 108 m3 in 2001 to 30.882 × 108 m3 in 2011. The shrinking production scale is the reason for the drop in the food water footprint, as population growth and rising living standards lead to increased food water footprint consumption. At the same time of importing food water footprint, it is necessary to improve the mode of production and adjust the food consumption mode in order to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of food water footprint.