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联绵词是一种特殊的词,它既不是语法上的分类,也不是纯词汇上的分类,它是根据其词的结构形式及其意义的特点来划分的。传统上认为联绵词是一种由两个音节(表现为两个汉字)联缀成义,不可分拆开解释的复音单纯词,记录联绵词的两个字只代表其语音,两个字的字义与该联绵词的词义无关。在古代汉语的教学和研究中,联绵词的辨识是一个经常碰到的问题,常有学生来问:哪些复音词是联绵词,联绵词到底有哪些特点,怎么去辨别它们?诸如此类的问题,往往难以教给学生一套很有用,容易掌握的方法。笔者在古汉语教研中,也深感联绵词辨识的难度和复杂,为实际存在的对联绵词的辨识的诸多纷乱而苦恼。因此想把以往通行的联绵词辨识方法清理一下,分析其优劣,以便加深认识并希望能作为引玉之砖,引起学术界对联绵词辨识方法的深入研究。从以往和目前所通行的辨识方法来看,最常见的有形、音、义三种辨识法。形,是从联绵词的字形上来考虑的一种辨识方法,细分之,又有两种。一种是
Lianxian is a special word, it is neither a grammatical classification nor a classification of pure words, it is divided according to the structure of the word and the characteristics of its meaning. It is traditionally considered as a polyphony simple word that is composed of two syllables (expressed as two Chinese characters) that can not be separated and explained. The two words of the recorded words represent the voice only. The meaning of two words The meanings of the conjunctions are irrelevant. In the teaching and research of ancient Chinese, the identification of conjunctions is a frequently encountered problem. Students often come to ask: which polysyllabic words are conjunctions, what are the characteristics of conjunctions, how to distinguish them? Problems such as these, It is often difficult to teach students a useful and easy way to master. In the teaching and research of ancient Chinese, the writer also deeply understands the difficulty and complexity of the conjunctive words recognition, which disturbs many confusion of the actual identification of the concordant words. Therefore, I would like to clean up the common methods for identifying uni-texuals and analyze their advantages and disadvantages in order to deepen my understanding and hope that they can be used as the bricks of the jade. From the past and the prevailing identification methods, the most common physical, sound, meaning three kinds of identification method. Shape, is a kind of identification method considered from the glyphs of the conjunctions, subdivided, there are two. One is