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如何有效地提高干旱地区的造林成活率和保存率,是众多的林业科技工作者长期以来一直在探索的一个难题。北京林业大学王九龄等同志在这方面的研究上已经取得了突破性进展。他们从1983至1987年在北京地区的低山阳坡进行了五年的抗旱造林试验,在气候和土壤极度干旱的条件下,利用吸水剂人为地在苗木根际处创造一个局部的湿润环境,从而使干旱阳坡的针叶树种造林成活率由过去的30%提高到80—90%,不仅为干旱地区造林开辟了一条新途径,也有效地解决了大苗上山和春季造林问题。此外,他们还较系统和全面地研究了吸水剂和混剂土壤的特性以及用吸水剂造林的操作方法,为吸水剂的合理使用提供了理论依据和具体措施。我们认为,这一研究成果起点高,方法先进,具有较高的实用价值,可以在广大干旱地区推广应用。现在,把利用吸水剂造林的操作技术要点介绍给读者,希望通过大家的努力,使其逐步完善。
How to effectively improve the survival rate and preservation rate of afforestation in arid areas is a problem that many foresters and scientific and technological workers have been exploring for a long time. Beijing Jiulin University and other comrades in the field of research has made a breakthrough. From 1983 to 1987, they carried out a five-year drought-resistant afforestation experiment on the low mountain and sun slope in Beijing. Under the conditions of extreme drought and climatic conditions, they used artificial water-absorbing agent to create a local wet environment at seedling rhizosphere. As a result, the afforestation survival rate of coniferous trees on arid sunny slope increased from 30% to 80-90%. This not only opened up a new way for afforestation in arid areas, but also effectively solved the problems such as big seedling going up and afforestation in spring. In addition, they also systematically and comprehensively studied the characteristics of water-absorbing and mixing soil and the operation method of afforestation with water-absorbing agent, which provided the theoretical basis and specific measures for the rational use of water-absorbing agent. In our opinion, the research results have a high starting point, advanced methods and high practical value, so they can be popularized and applied in arid areas. Now, the use of water-absorbing agent afforestation technical points introduced to the reader, I hope everyone’s efforts to make it gradually improved.