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为了分析三峡航道不同区域能见度基本特征,比较不同垂直剖面、沿江距离对局地能见度的影响,基于中国气象局沿江、剖面布设的12个能见度监测点近3a观测资料,对比分析了三峡航道涪陵、万州、宜昌3组区域12个监测点的能见度时空分布特征,并对能见度的局地差异做了初步讨论。结果表明:涪陵区雾情对航运安全影响最大,万州和宜昌区其次。涪陵区和万州区雾日的月际变化趋势一致,5、6月和11、12月为大雾高发时期。不同剖面能见度的日变化分析表明早晨至上午时间为大雾高发时段,午后至傍晚前为大雾低发时段。通过能见度与局地因子的关系模型验证,三峡航道能见度局地差异大部分源于监测点的海拔高度及可能的水体影响等,同组区域内,高海拔点、临近水域点平均能见度明显偏低,雾情频次也相对较高。
In order to analyze the basic characteristics of visibility in different regions of the Three Gorges Channel and compare the effects of different vertical profiles and the distance along the Yangtze River on local visibility, based on the observed data of 12 observation points distributed along the Yangtze River and the section of China Meteorological Administration near the river profile, the Fuling, Wanzhou, Yichang three groups of 12 monitoring points of the spatial and temporal distribution of visibility characteristics, and the visibility of the local differences made a preliminary discussion. The results show that the fog in Fuling District has the greatest impact on shipping safety, followed by Wanzhou and Yichang. Fuling District and Wanzhou District fog day-to-month trend of change in May and June and 11,12 for the high fog period. The diurnal variations of visibility in different sections show that the morning to morning time is the period of high fog and the fog low period before afternoon to evening. Through the verification of the relationship between visibility and local factors, the local differences in the visibility of the Three Gorges Channel are mostly due to the altitude of the monitoring points and the possible impacts of water bodies. The average visibility of points within the same group, high altitude and nearby waters is obviously lower , Fog frequency is relatively high.