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本文利用透射电镜和组织化学染色法观察了800拉德γ射线照射大鼠脾脏中淋巴细胞凋亡及其和巨噬细胞的关系。结果表明,γ射线照射后2小时淋巴细胞开始凋亡,照射后4小时凋亡达到高峰。大部分凋亡淋巴细胞迅速被巨噬细胞整个吞噬形成异噬泡,凋亡淋巴细胞在巨噬细胞的异噬泡中完成凋亡过程。凋亡小体的形成和自噬密切相关,主要表现为,胞核染色质断裂、浓缩、边集,透明区增大,形成半月形核,及少量花瓣状、空泡状核,或胞核边周致密染色质和中间致密染色质融合,透明区消失,形成黑洞样核。大部分凋亡淋巴细胞的线粒体增多后发生肿胀和空泡化。内质网大量增殖并将整个细胞分割形成大量的自噬泡。巨噬细胞的异噬泡中的凋亡淋巴细胞大部分经内质网分割包裹形成自噬泡后形成凋亡小体。少部分不发生自噬,整个细胞形成一个大的均质无结构的致密体。巨噬细胞外凋亡的淋巴细胞的凋亡小体有的也是以内质网分割包裹的方式形成的。12小时后,凋亡小体全部被巨噬细胞消化清除。
In this paper, transmission electron microscopy and histochemical staining were used to observe the lymphocyte apoptosis and its relationship with macrophages in spleen irradiated by γ-rays of 800 rad. The results showed that lymphocytes began to apoptosis 2 hours after γ-ray irradiation, and peaked at 4 hours after irradiation. Most of the apoptotic lymphocytes are rapidly phagocytosed by macrophages to form phagocytic cells. Apoptotic lymphocytes complete the process of apoptosis in the phagocytic cells of macrophages. The formation of apoptotic bodies is closely related to autophagy. The main manifestations are: nucleus chromatin rupture, concentration, edge set, clear area increased, formed a half moon nucleus, and a small amount of petaloid, vacuolar nucleus, or nucleus Peripheral dense chromatin and dense chromatin fusion, the disappearance of the transparent area, forming a black hole like nucleus. Most apoptotic lymphocytes undergo swelling and vacuolization after increased mitochondria. The endoplasmic reticulum proliferates and divides the entire cell to form large numbers of autophagic vacuoles. Most of the apoptotic lymphocytes in the phagocytic cells of phagocytic macrophages are separated by the endoplasmic reticulum and form apoptotic bodies after forming autophagic vacuoles. A small part of the autophagy does not occur, the entire cell to form a large homogeneous structure without the dense body. Apoptotic bodies of extracellular apoptotic lymphocytes in macrophages are also formed by means of the endoplasmic reticulum. After 12 hours, the apoptotic bodies were completely digested by macrophages.