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在信号频谱分析中,相位谱与幅值谱具有同等重要地位,特别是对于信号不失真传输、在线实时分析、滤波器设计、系统辨识等问题,相位分析尤为重要。因此,在教学中加强相位分析的基础知识,对于提高教学质量是有一定作用的。在第一、二轮教材中,有关相位分析内容比较精简,有些公式亦不相同,曾给教学带来不便。作者通过教学实践,对这一问题进行了小结,兹提供参考、讨论。相位是表示旋转矢量相对于某一参考轴的取向。一般,对于实数旋转矢量A_n,其参考轴为横坐标轴;对于复数旋转矢量C_n,其参考轴为实轴。初相位则表示了旋转矢量在t=0时刻相对参考轴的初始位置。
In spectrum analysis of signal, phase spectrum and amplitude spectrum are of equal importance. Especially for the problem of signal distortion transmission, on-line real-time analysis, filter design and system identification, phase analysis is especially important. Therefore, strengthening the basic knowledge of phase analysis in teaching plays an important role in improving teaching quality. In the first and second teaching materials, the phase analysis is relatively concise, and some formulas are not the same, which has brought inconvenience to the teaching. Through teaching practice, the author made a summary of this issue and hereby provide reference and discussion. The phase is the orientation of the rotation vector relative to a reference axis. In general, for the real rotation vector A_n, the reference axis is the abscissa axis; for the complex rotation vector C_n, the reference axis is the real axis. The initial phase represents the initial position of the rotation vector relative to the reference axis at t = 0.