医师的诊疗服务是医疗服务的基础和核心。诊疗收费体现了医师劳务的社会价值,而且具有调控卫生资源配置的作用。长期以来诊疗收费处于偏低的价格水平,是医疗市场众多问题的根源。文章将诊疗关系中的医患双方视作自由选择的契约主体,运用经济分析的方法解释诊疗服务收费存在的价格扭曲和干预失效两种现象,对诊疗收费改革作政策研究。 Physician’s medical service is the foundation and core of medical service. Medical fees reflect the social value of medical services, but also has the role of regulating the allocation of health resources. For a long time medical fees at a low price level, is the root cause of many problems in the medical market. The article treats both doctors and patients in the clinic as the subject of contractual freedom, and uses economic analysis to explain the phenomenon of price distortions and intervention failure in medical service charges, and makes policy research on the reform of medical charges.