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随着采矿业的迅速发展,矿区原有的生态系统遭到破坏,使得矿区生态环境的脆弱性凸现。以生态脆弱的许村煤矿区为研究区域,利用紫花苜蓿作为先锋植被,应用腐植酸肥料改良土壤,对矿区损毁土地进行土地复垦与生态重建。研究结果表明,相对于常规施肥处理,施用腐植酸肥料的土壤理化性状明显改善,土壤容重降低,土壤阳离子交换量和土壤有机质提高,促进土壤速效氮、磷、钾营养元素的释放。腐植酸肥料还能提高紫花苜蓿产量。本研究结果显示,腐植酸肥料在土地复垦与生态重建过程中,有良好的效果。
With the rapid development of the mining industry, the original ecological system in the mining area has been destroyed, making the fragility of the ecological environment of the mining area obvious. Taking the ecologically fragile Xucun coal mining area as the research area, the alfalfa was used as the pioneer vegetation, the humic acid fertilizer was used to improve the soil, and the land reclamation and ecological reconstruction were carried out on the damaged land in the mining area. The results showed that compared with the conventional fertilization, the physical and chemical properties of humic acid fertilizers significantly improved, the soil bulk density decreased, the amount of soil cation exchange capacity and soil organic matter increased, and the release of available N, P and K nutrients was promoted. Humic acid fertilizers can also improve alfalfa yield. The results of this study show that humic acid fertilizer has good effect in land reclamation and ecological reconstruction.