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短指(趾)曾被认为是孟德尔式遗传的第一个人类异常的例子。1951年Bell将遗传性短指(趾)分为五型。在A-1型短指中,主要限于中间指骨的变短,它们有可能与远侧指骨相融合。A-2型只是食指的中间指骨异常。A-3型仅为第五指的中间指骨异常。在B型中,中间指骨和末端指骨变短或缺失。C型则以第二、三指的中间指骨和远端指骨缺失为特征。D型包括拇指的远侧指骨变短变粗。E型则有一个或更多的短掌骨或跖骨。 1975年McKusick加了A-4型,其中第二、五指均短,而第四指有偏向桡骨的指弯曲;A-5型为中间指骨缺失。 Bell的分类法,除E型外,是极为适用的。不过,她的描述特别重视明显的异常,
The short toe was once considered as the first example of a human anomaly in Mendelian heredity. 1951 Bell genetically short (toe) is divided into five types. In type A-1 short fingers, the main limitation is the shortening of the middle phalanges, which are likely to fuse with the distal phalanges. Type A-2 is only the middle finger phalanx anomalies. Type A-3 is only the fifth finger of the middle phalanx. In type B, the middle phalanx and the terminal phalanx are shortened or missing. Type C is characterized by the absence of the middle and distal phalanges of the second and third fingers. D-shaped distal phalanx including the thumb becomes shorter and thicker. Type E has one or more short metatarsals or metatarsals. 1975 McKusick plus A-4 type, in which the second and fifth fingers are short, and the fourth finger deflection tend to the radius; A-5 type is the absence of the middle phalanx. Bell’s classification, in addition to E-type, is extremely applicable. However, her description pays special attention to apparent anomalies,