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意愿支付(WTP)法是药物经济学评价中非常重要的一种评估手段。在成本计量、效益计量和QALY的货币化中都发挥了重要的作用。本文对WTP的定义、理论基础、调查方法、在药物经济学中的应用,以及WTP与条件价值评估法(CVM)和意愿受偿(WTA)的联系进行了系统介绍。指出WTP应用的重点领域应该是间接成本及隐性成本的计算;应用WTP进行成本收益评估时应当注意收益的类别与评估角度;并阐述了QALY货币化的方法。期望能够为我国的药物经济学研究提供前沿方法的借鉴。
The willingness to pay (WTP) method is a very important evaluation method in pharmacoeconomic evaluation. It plays an important role in cost measurement, benefit measurement and monetization of QALY. This article systematically introduces the definition of WTP, its theoretical basis, investigation methods, its application in pharmacoeconomics, and the connection between WTP and CVM and WTA. It is pointed out that the key areas of WTP application should be the calculation of indirect costs and hidden costs. When using WTP to evaluate cost-benefit, we should pay attention to the categories and evaluation angles of benefits and elaborate the method of QALY monetization. Expect to be able to provide a frontier approach to the study of pharmacoeconomics in our country.