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针对不锈钢构件的力学性能与普通碳素钢存在较大不同、国内相关研究较少且试验数据尚不充分等问题,对奥氏体304热轧、冷弯薄壁不锈钢圆管截面,共19根简支轴心受压长柱试件进行试验研究。通过拉伸试验、短柱和长柱轴压试验,获得了不锈钢材料拉伸、压缩性能及长柱轴压的力学性能,包括加载现象、破坏形态、极限荷载及初始缺陷等,并提出长柱轴压稳定系数建议公式。结果表明:不同径厚比的热轧退火不锈钢材料性能相近,而冷弯焊接不锈钢经冷弯强化后材料强度显著提高;Quach模型能够与我国奥氏体304热轧、冷弯不锈钢拉伸及压缩的应力-应变关系吻合;长柱构件初始缺陷应考虑整体缺陷和物理偏心的共同影响,并建议其取值为构件长度的1/2 000;所建议公式计算结果与试验吻合良好,精度高于采用国外规范方法计算的结果,可用于热轧、冷弯薄壁不锈钢圆管柱稳定系数的确定。
Aiming at the problems that the mechanical properties of stainless steel components are quite different from those of ordinary carbon steel, there are few domestic researches and the test data is not enough, the cross section of austenitic stainless steel 304 hot rolled and cold-formed thin- Experimental study of simple axial compression long column specimens. Through the tensile test, short column and long column axial compression test, the mechanical properties of stainless steel such as tensile and compressive properties and axial compression of long column were obtained, including loading phenomenon, failure mode, ultimate load and initial defects. Axial pressure stability factor suggested formula. The results show that the properties of hot rolled annealed stainless steels with different diameters and thicknesses are similar, but the strength of cold - formed stainless steels is significantly enhanced by cold - bending. The Quach model can be compared with the hot - rolled and cold rolled 304 austenitic stainless steel And the stress-strain relationship is consistent. The initial defects of long column members should consider the combined effect of overall defects and physical eccentricity, and suggest that the value should be 1/2000 of the length of the component. The calculation results of the proposed formula are in good agreement with the test and the accuracy is higher The result of calculation by foreign standard method can be used to determine the stability coefficient of hot-rolled and cold-formed thin-walled stainless steel column.