在传统译论中,人们一般把翻译看作是一种纯粹的技艺性质的语言活动,翻译实践一般是以语言意义为研究导向的,并未把文化的因素纳入其中。然而,翻译研究必须把文化的因素考虑在内。其中,权力关系是不可忽视的重要因素。笔者通过对严复译作《天演论》的分析证明了多元化权力因素对译文产出施加的巨大影响,以及其中的社会历史因素对译文产出和其他因素起关键的决定作用。 In the traditional translation theory, people generally regard translation as a kind of purely artistic language activities. Translation practice is generally based on linguistic meaning and does not include cultural factors. However, translation studies must take cultural considerations into account. Among them, the power relationship is an important factor that can not be ignored. Through the analysis of Yan Fu translated as “Evolution and Ethics”, the author proves the huge influence exerted by diversified power factors on the output of translations and the decisive role of social and historical factors in the translation of output and other factors.