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目的掌握北京市海淀区奥运相关餐饮业卫生状况,为卫生行政部门制定相应监督、监测方案提供依据。方法2007年对海淀区110家奥运相关餐饮单位卫生状况进行监测,依据GB 14934-94等国标方法检测,统计用卡方检验。结果海淀区餐饮业抽检样品合格率为79.25%,高于北京市平均水平(72.53%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=28.57,P<0.05)。海淀区几种样品中,凉拌菜、鲜榨果汁果盘、爆炒炝拌菜及熟肉合格率较低,分别为66.01%、57.45%、67.31%、72.64%。153件凉拌菜中48件检出大肠菌群,1件检出致病性大肠杆菌,13件检出变形杆菌。106件熟肉样品中,27件检出致病性大肠杆菌,1件检出亚硝酸盐,8件检出变形杆菌。海淀区奥运场馆餐饮业抽检合格率为76.30%,低于北京市奥运场馆平均水平(96.23%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.20,P<0.05)。海淀区奥运场馆、签约宾馆周边餐饮业中抽检合格率为75.48%,明显高于北京市平均水平(67.20%)。海淀区集中配送营养餐企业抽检合格率100.00%。海淀区量化分级A、B级单位餐饮抽检合格率为85.40%,主要问题是大肠菌群超标。结论海淀区餐饮业总体卫生情况好于北京市的平均水平,但是凉拌菜等几种食品的卫生状况有待提高,宾馆、场馆周边餐饮企业总体水平需要加强。
Objective To understand the health status of Olympics-related catering industry in Haidian District, Beijing, and provide basis for the health administrative department to formulate corresponding supervision and monitoring programs. Methods In 2007, the health condition of 110 Olympic catering units in Haidian District was monitored. According to GB 14934-94 and other national standard methods, the statistics were tested by Chi-square test. Results The sampling rate of sampling in catering industry in Haidian District was 79.25%, higher than that of Beijing (72.53%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 28.57, P <0.05). Among the samples in Haidian District, the passing rate of salad dressing, fresh fruit juice dish, stir-fried stir-roach and cooked meat was low, which were 66.01%, 57.45%, 67.31% and 72.64% respectively. Of the 153 salad dishes, 48 were detected coliform, one was pathogenic E. coli and 13 were Proteus. Of the 106 cooked meat samples, 27 tested for pathogenic E. coli, one detected nitrite, and eight detected Proteus. The passing rate of catering industry in the Olympic venues in Haidian was 76.30%, lower than the average level of Beijing Olympic venues (96.23%), with a significant difference (χ2 = 10.20, P <0.05). Haidian Olympic venues, restaurants around the signing of the hotel sampling inspection pass rate was 75.48%, significantly higher than the average level of Beijing (67.20%). Haidian District, centralized distribution of nutrition meal sampling rate of 100.00%. Haidian District, quantified grading A, B-level catering sampling pass rate of 85.40%, the main problem is excessive coliform bacteria. Conclusion The general health condition of catering industry in Haidian District is better than the average level in Beijing. However, the hygiene condition of several kinds of food such as cold salad needs to be improved. The overall level of catering enterprises around hotels and venues needs to be strengthened.