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目的:探讨非翻瓣即刻种植技术对种植体周围牙槽骨和牙龈乳头的影响。方法:采用非翻瓣即刻种植方法植入种植体共121枚,术前行CBCT评估术区牙槽骨高度、厚度、颊舌侧骨板厚度,术后立即行CBCT评估种植体植入深度、颊舌侧骨板厚度,术后3～6个月行CBCT再次测量上述指标,评估非翻瓣即刻种植对牙槽骨的影响,牙龈乳头指数评价该技术对牙龈乳头的影响,患者VAS满意指数评价种植体植入后临床应用效果。结果:术后3～6个月复诊,种植体失败3颗,成功率为97.52%,颊侧骨板宽度吸收2.21mm1.1mm,舌侧骨板宽度吸收1.34mm0.3mm,牙槽嵴高度吸收1.73mm0.25mm。讨论:非翻瓣即刻种植减少术中术后出血、缩短手术时间、减少因为剥离骨膜而导致的唇侧牙槽骨吸收、提高了软组织美学效果和患者的满意程度,但是风险相对较大,对临床技术要求高。结论:对于牙缺失患者,严格控制适应症,详细了解缺牙区三维结构后,非翻瓣即刻种植技术能够达到较好的修复效果,能有效保护种植区牙槽嵴,防止牙龈乳头退缩,维持种植区的美学效果。
Objective: To investigate the effect of non-flap immediate implant on alveolar bone and gingival papilla around implant. Methods: A total of 121 implants were implanted with non-flap immediate implant. CBCT was used to assess the height, thickness of alveolar bone and the thickness of buccal-lingual bone in preoperative operation. CBCT was used to evaluate the implanting depth immediately after operation. The thickness of the buccolingual buccal mucosa was measured by CBCT again 3 to 6 months after operation to evaluate the effect of immediate flap implant on the alveolar bone. The effect of this technique on the gingival papilla was evaluated by the gingival papillary index. The VAS satisfaction index Evaluation of implant implants clinical application results. Results: Three to six months postoperatively, three implants failed, the success rate was 97.52%, the width of buccal bone plate was 2.21mm1.1mm, the width of lingual bone plate was 1.34mm0.3mm, and the height of alveolar ridge was highly absorbed 1.73mm0.25mm. Discussion: Immediate non-flap implant reduces postoperative bleeding, shortens operation time, reduces labial alveolar bone resorption due to exfoliation of the periosteum, improves soft tissue aesthetic effect and patient satisfaction, but the risk is relatively high. High clinical technical requirements. CONCLUSIONS: For patients with tooth loss, strict indications are controlled. After three-dimensional structure of the edentulous area is known in detail, the non-flap immediate implantation technique can achieve better restoration effect, effectively protect the alveolar ridge in the planting area, prevent the gingival papilla from shrinking and maintain Aesthetic effects of planting areas.