目前,小学数学教学中主要存在着这样一个值得思考的问题:教师讲解多,学生探究交流少;一问一答多,智力活动少。上课成为执行教案的过程,教师期望的是学生能按照教案的设想作出回答。如何解决这些存在的问题,笔者认为,在教学中要注重培养学生探究新知的能力,使学生获得解决问题的途径和方法。1.转换教师角色,落实学生主体地位联合国教科文组织在《学会生存》一书指出:“教师的职责已经 At present, there is such a problem that is worth thinking about in primary school mathematics teaching: teachers have more explanations, students have less inquiry and exchange, and there are more questions and answers and less intellectual activity. Classes become the process of executing lesson plans, and teachers expect students to answer according to the teaching plan. How to solve these existing problems, the author believes that in teaching, we should pay attention to the ability of students to explore new knowledge, so that students can get the ways and methods to solve the problem. 1. Transforming the role of teachers and implementing the student’s main position UNESCO’s book “Learn to survive” states: "The responsibilities of teachers are already