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甲(进修医师):老师,哪些真菌可引起肺部感染,在什么情况下要注意真菌感染的可能? 教师:肺部真菌感染绝大多数为机会性感染。常见的致病真菌依次为:白色念珠菌、曲菌、隐球菌、毛霉菌、组织胞浆菌。自从60年代以来,真菌感染呈上升趋势。其原因有:对器官移植病人的免疫抑制治疗,肿瘤病人的化疗,广谱抗生素的使用,以及静脉管道的长期停留。其它易合并真菌感染的疾病有:恶性肿瘤特别是白血病和淋巴瘤、慢性肺疾患、严重烧伤、腹部手术、换
A (advanced physician): Teacher, which fungi can cause lung infection and under what circumstances should pay attention to the possibility of fungal infection? Teacher: The vast majority of pulmonary fungal infections are opportunistic infections. Common pathogenic fungi were: Candida albicans, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, Mucor, histoplasmosis. Fungal infections have been on the rise since the 1960s. The reasons are: immunosuppressive therapy for patients undergoing organ transplantation, chemotherapy for cancer patients, the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, and long-term cessation of venous access. Other diseases that are complicated by fungal infections are: malignancies, especially leukemias and lymphomas, chronic lung diseases, severe burns, abdominal surgery, change