Merkel细胞癌是一种少见的原发于皮肤的恶性神经内分泌肿瘤,具有高度侵袭性,发病原因主要和阳光直接照射及免疫抑制有关,临床表现为无痛性迅速增大的皮肤表面结节。病理组织学、电镜检查和免疫组织化学有助于Merkel细胞癌的诊断。目前治疗主要是局部扩大切除加化疗、放疗及免疫治疗。肿瘤易局部复发及转移, 5年生存率低,预后较差。 Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare primary malignant neuroendocrine tumor of the skin with a high degree of invasiveness. The cause of the disease is mainly associated with direct sunlight and immunosuppression. Clinical manifestations are non-painful and rapidly increasing skin surface nodules. Histopathology, electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry contribute to the diagnosis of Merkel’s cancerous cells. The current treatment is mainly extended local excision plus chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Local tumor recurrence and metastasis, 5-year survival rate is low, the prognosis is poor.