目的　探讨乳腺叶状囊肉瘤的诊断、病理学特点和处理。方法　对经手术和病理诊断的１６ 例乳腺叶状囊肉瘤的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果　行局部肿块切除３ 例；行包括相当健康组织的乳腺楔形切除术８ 例；全乳房切除术４ 例；根治性切除术１ 例。其中１４ 例获随访１ ～１０ 年，随访期间死亡１ 例，此例首次曾行局部肿块切除，尔后复发３ 次，最后于首次手术后６ 年死于肺转移；其余患者均仍存活，其中３ 例因肿瘤复发而再作全乳房切除术，术后情况良好，再次术后已分别生存４ ，５ ，７ 年。结论　本病确诊主要依靠病理学诊断，对可疑病变应行术中快速病理检查，送检标本需作多处切片。手术切除为其首选治疗方法，扩大的局部切除或全乳房切除为广泛采用的术式。 Objective To investigate the diagnosis, pathological features and treatment of breast cystosarcoma. Methods The clinical data of 16 cases of cystosarcoma of the breast were reviewed retrospectively. Results Three patients underwent local tumor resection; 8 patients included breast wedge resection of relatively healthy tissue, 4 patients underwent total mastectomy, and 1 patient underwent radical resection. Among them, 14 cases were followed up for 1 to 10 years. During the follow-up, 1 case died. In this case, local mass resection was performed for the first time, followed by 3 relapses, and finally died of lung metastasis 6 years after the first surgery; the remaining patients were still alive, including 3 Cases of recurrence due to recurrence of a full mastectomy, postoperative good condition, re-postoperative survival of 4, 5, 7 years. Conclusion The diagnosis of the disease mainly depends on pathological diagnosis. For the suspicious lesions, rapid intraoperative pathological examination should be performed. The specimens to be examined need to be sliced ​​in multiple places. Surgical resection is its preferred treatment, and extended partial resection or total mastectomy is a widely used procedure.