目的　了解儿童脑型疟临床特征和降低其病死率。方法　对 1996～ 1997年住院 12 8例儿童脑型疟的临床特征、诊断治疗、病死原因进行分析。结果　 1～ 5 a儿童发生率 6 6 % ,痊愈 113例 ,后遗症 4例 ,死亡 11例 ,死亡率 8.6 %。临床特征有发热、咳嗽、吐泻、惊厥、意识障碍等。血片见疟原虫可确诊 ,首次阴性应反复多次检查。惊厥、意识障碍者应排除其他疾患。结论　及时正确诊断 ,尽早抗疟治疗 ,对抗药性及有并发症等治疗是降低儿童脑型疟病死率的关键 Objective To understand the clinical features and reduce the mortality of cerebral malaria in children. Methods The clinical features, diagnosis and treatment, and the causes of death of cerebral malaria in 12 8 children hospitalized from 1996 to 1997 were analyzed. Results The incidence of children aged 1-6 years was 66%, 113 cases were cured, 4 cases were sequelae, 11 died and the mortality rate was 8.6%. Clinical characteristics of fever, cough, vomiting, convulsions, disturbance of consciousness. Blood film see Plasmodium can be diagnosed, the first negative should be repeated multiple checks. Convulsions, impaired persons should rule out other disorders. Conclusions The timely and correct diagnosis, as soon as possible anti-malarial treatment, drug resistance and complications such as treatment is to reduce the mortality of children with cerebral malaria the key