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为揭示黄连木(Pistacia chinensis Bunge)不同性别植株的生理差异,以雌株和雄株叶片为试材,对叶片赤霉素(GA3)、脱落酸(ABA)、吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)、亚精胺(Spd)、精胺(Spm)和腐胺(Put)含量变化及过氧化物酶同工酶进行了测定。结果表明,黄连木雌、雄株叶片GA3含量在6至9月均达到极显著差异,含量均在10月8日达到最大值,分别为100.9μg/g FW和92.9μg/g FW;雄株叶片ABA含量均高于雌株,雌、雄株叶片ABA含量在5月21日和7月8日达到极显著差异,5月21日均为最小值,含量分别为222.0 ng/g FW和340.1 ng/g FW;雄株叶片IAA含量均高于雌株,雌、雄植株叶片中IAA含量在8月8日达到极显著差异,9月8日达到最大值,分别为984.8 ng/g FW和1000.6 ng/g FW;雌株GA3/ABA的比值在7月至9月极显著高于雄株,9月8日差异值最大,为42.8;雌、雄株叶片IAA/ABA在5月21日差异值最大,为0.54;雌、雄株叶片Spd含量存在显著或极显著差异,均在7月8日达到最大值,分别为47.9μg/g FW和42.8μg/g FW;雄株叶片Spm含量均大于雌株,雌、雄株叶片Spm含量在10月8日达到极显著差异,均在7月8日出现最大值,分别为24.3μg/g FW和34.5μg/g FW;雄株叶片Put含量在各个时期均低于雌株,雌、雄株叶片Put含量除5月21日外,存在显著或极显著差异,在9月8日均达到最大值,分别为156.0μg/g FW和135.1μg/g FW。雌、雄株叶片、叶柄过氧化物酶同工酶有显著差异,雌株叶片过氧化物酶同工酶有5条带,分别为POD-1、POD-2、POD-3、POD-4、POD-5;雄株叶片只有4条带,分别为POD-2、POD-3、POD-4、POD-5;雌株叶柄内的过氧化物酶同工酶有4条带,分别为POD-1’、POD-3’、POD-4’、POD-5’,雄株叶柄内的过氧化物酶同工酶有3条带,分别为POD-2’、POD-4’、POD-5’。POD-1为雌株叶片特有条带,POD-1’、POD-3’为雌株叶柄特有条带,POD-2’为雄株叶柄特有条带。通过试验得出,黄连木叶片中ABA、IAA、Spd、Spm和Put含量与性别有关,叶片和叶柄的POD同工酶条带也是鉴别黄连木性别的有效指标。
In order to reveal the physiological differences among different sexes in Pistacia chinensis Bunge, the effects of GA3, ABA, IAA, , Spd, Spm and Put, and peroxidase isozymes were measured. The results showed that the content of GA3 in the leaves of male and female plants of P. australis reached extremely significant difference from June to September, with the maximum reaching 100.9 μg / g FW and 92.9 μg / g FW on October 8 respectively. The content of ABA in leaves was higher than that in female plants. ABA content in leaves of female and male plants reached extremely significant difference on May 21 and July 8, with the minimum value on May 21, with the contents of 222.0 ng / g FW and 340.1 ng / g FW. The content of IAA in leaves of male plants was higher than that of female plants. The content of IAA in the leaves of female and male plants reached extremely significant difference on August 8 and reached the maximum on September 8, respectively, reaching 984.8 ng / g FW and 1000.6 ng / g FW. The GA3 / ABA ratio of female plants was significantly higher than that of male plants from July to September, with the largest difference of 42.8 on September 8; the difference of IAA / ABA between female and male plants on May 21 And the maximum was 0.54. There were significant or extremely significant differences in Spd contents between male and female plants, reaching the maximum at July 8, 47.9 μg / g FW and 42.8 μg / g FW, respectively. The Spm contents of female, male and female plants reached extremely significant differences on October 8, with the maximum values of 24.3 μg / g FW and 34.5 μg / g FW on July 8 respectively. The content of Put in leaves of male plants was Each period is lower than the female plant, , Put male plant leaves in addition to the content of May 21, there is a significant or very significant difference, reaches a maximum daily September 8, respectively 156.0μg / g FW and 135.1μg / g FW. POD-1, POD-2, POD-3, POD-4 and POD-4 in leaves of female plants were significantly different , POD-5. There were only 4 bands in male plants, which were POD-2, POD-3, POD-4 and POD-5, respectively. There were 4 bands in the petioles of the female plants, There were 3 bands of POD-1 ’, POD-3’, POD-4 ’and POD-5’ in the petiole of POD-2 ’, POD-4’ -5 ’. POD-1 was characteristic of leaves in female plants. POD-1 ’and POD-3’ were petiole-specific bands in female plants, while POD-2 ’was petiole-specific bands in male plants. The results showed that the content of ABA, IAA, Spd, Spm and Put in Pistacia chinensis was related to sex, and the POD isozyme bands in leaves and petioles were also effective indexes to distinguish the sex of Pistacia chinensis.