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目的:了解本地区女性压力性尿失禁(SUI)发病情况及其影响因素。方法:采用问卷访问形式,对明光地区350例已婚至60岁以内的农村妇女进行调查。结果:SUI发生率为23.14%。90.12%的患者对SUI无认识,曾去医院就诊仅为4.94%。SUI的发生与月经初潮年龄、周期、经期、月经量、有无痛经、分娩次数、不同分娩方式、流产次数、劳动强度及营养状况无关(P>0.05)。绝经期女性发生SUI的比例明显高于未绝经期女性(P<0.05)。在家分娩、中重度产道损伤的女性发生SUI增多(P<0.05)。产后开始体力劳动的时间早、口服避孕药增加发生尿失禁的危险(P<0.001和P<0.005)。结论:农村女性SUI发病率较高,家中分娩、产道损伤、产后过早体力劳动、口服避孕药及绝经是SUI发生的危险因素。
Objective: To understand the incidence of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and its influencing factors in this area. Methods: A questionnaire was used to survey 350 rural women who were married to 60 years old in Mingguang district. Results: The incidence of SUI was 23.14%. 90.12% of patients did not know SUI, had to go to the hospital for only 4.94%. The occurrence of SUI was not related to the age, period, menstrual period, menstrual flow, menstruation, dysmenorrhea, number of delivery, different modes of delivery, number of abortion, labor intensity and nutritional status (P> 0.05). The proportion of SUI in menopausal women was significantly higher than that in non-menopausal women (P <0.05). At home delivery, women with moderate or severe birth canal injury SUI increased (P <0.05). Postpartum physical labor began earlier and oral contraceptives increased the risk of urinary incontinence (P <0.001 and P <0.005). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of SUI in rural women is high, at home delivery, birth canal injury, postpartum premature physical labor, oral contraceptives and menopause are the risk factors for SUI.