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目的 探索在中学开展预防性病/艾滋病有效干预模式及其效果评价.对象 本调查于1998年在深圳市选取10所中学的初一、高一全体学生作为研究对象.1998年及1999年调查人数分别为3942名和3944名.方法 采用无记名的问卷调查,调查表内容包括预防HIV/AIDS基本知识、态度、及其它相关危险行为等.干预措施包括参与式教学(如角色扮演、头脑风暴等多种形式),初中以健康教育课为主,高中以讲座等为主,并结合音像媒体、专题讨论、板报等方式进行干预.教育重点是艾滋病的基本知识、对艾滋病患者的正确态度、如何预防艾滋病及如何抵御同伴压力等.结果1.知识:干预后学生预防艾滋病基本知识平均得分由干预前的初一男生:7.47提高到10.21(满分为15);初一女生:从7.17提高到10.21高一男生:10.30提高到11.09(满分为15);高一女生:从9.58提高到10.55;2.态度:对待HIV/AIDS患者采取正向态度率明显提高,男生由1998年的22.6%上升到1999年34.9%;女生由1998年的24.4%上升到1999年41.5%;3.行为:同学可以利用更多的信息来源来获取有关知识.4.没有进行干预的危险行为,如不遵守交通规则、去不安全的地方游泳等,项目干预前后差异无显著性.结论1.此项干预研究显示符合学生年龄特点的学校预防性病/艾滋病健康教育是行之有效的.2.参与式教学较传?
Objective To explore effective preventive and preventive interventions for STD/AIDS prevention in secondary schools. Objectives This survey was conducted in 1998 in Shenzhen and selected 10 junior high school students and 10 students from high schools as the research subjects. The numbers of respondents in 1998 and 1999 were respectively For 3942 and 3944 people, the method was conducted by anonymous questionnaire survey. The questionnaire included HIV/AIDS prevention basic knowledge, attitudes, and other related risk behaviors. Interventions included participatory teaching (such as role-playing, brainstorming, etc.) ) Junior high school is mainly focused on health education classes, and high school lectures are the main ones. Interventions are conducted in conjunction with audio-visual media, topical discussions, and board reports. Education focuses on the basic knowledge of AIDS, the correct attitude towards AIDS patients, and how to prevent AIDS and How to resist peer pressure, etc. Result 1. Knowledge: The average score of basic knowledge of HIV prevention among students after intervention was from the first day of male students before the intervention: 7.47 to 10.21 (out of 15); the first female: from 7.17 to 10.21 higher than male : 10.30 increase to 11.09 (out of 15); high school girls: increase from 9.58 to 10.55; 2. attitude: take a positive attitude towards HIV/AIDS patients The rate has increased noticeably. The number of boys rose from 22.6% in 1998 to 34.9% in 1999. Females rose from 24.4% in 1998 to 41.5% in 1999. 3. Behavior: Students can use more sources of information to acquire relevant knowledge. 4 There were no dangerous interventions, such as not obeying traffic rules and swimming in unsafe areas. There was no significant difference before and after the project intervention. Conclusion 1. This intervention study shows that the school meets the age characteristics of the students to prevent sexually transmitted diseases/AIDS health education in schools. It is effective. 2. Participatory teaching is better than biography.