药物依赖性不仅是在人身上能见到的特殊现象,只要实验条件具备,动物(至少哺乳动物)也可人为地、实验性地形成对药物的依赖性,也可诱发类似于人的自行给药的行为。根据这些见解,很可能从动物自行给药的行为中,弄清药物依赖性的生物学本质。事实上为了预先了解药物的依赖性,动物实验能起到极重要的作用。动物自行给药的行为,在大、小鼠等都可诱发,而猴与人更相似。动物实验的意义有依赖性的药物,最初研制的目的多是为提高医疗效果,减少副作用。例如海洛因原是为取代吗啡,制造依赖性小的镇痛药而研制 Drug dependence is not only a special phenomenon that can be seen in human beings. Animals (at least mammals) can artificially and experimentally develop dependence on drugs as long as experimental conditions are available, and can also induce human-like self-reliance Drug behavior. Based on these insights, it is possible to understand the biological nature of drug dependence from the behavior of animals on their own. In fact, animal experiments can play an extremely important role in anticipating drug dependence. Animal self-administration behavior, in large mice can be induced, while the monkey is more similar to people. The significance of animal experiments are dependent on the drug, the initial development of the purpose is mostly to improve the medical effect and reduce side effects. For example, heroin was originally developed to replace morphine and create a small dependence on analgesics