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目的研制一种密闭舱室烟雾吸入染毒装置。方法自行设计烟雾发生箱、染毒箱和循环管道,集成为一套完整的烟雾吸入染毒装置,实现燃烧与染毒的分离。选用某种军用密闭舱室内9种非金属材料,按照实际用量比燃烧产生烟雾后,经循环管道引至染毒箱中染毒动物。42只SD大鼠完全随机分为正常对照组(n=7)及3个染毒组,染毒时间依次为5min(n=7)、10min(n=21)及15min(n=7)。检测混合烟雾中CO和O2浓度及酸性气体含量,测定10min组大鼠染毒后即刻尾静脉血中COHb%,并观察染毒后动物大体情况及7d内死亡率。结果烟雾浓度随着燃烧时间的延长而增加,且重复检测各时间点的烟雾浓度恒定,动物中毒程度随着染毒时间的延长而加重,染毒10min组大鼠COHb%显著升高,且3批次动物COHb%重复性好。结论本装置能成功模拟密闭舱室内烟雾发生及中毒情况,且动物染毒损伤的重复性较好。
Objective To develop an enclosed cabin smoke inhalation and poisoning device. Methods The smoke box, the poisoning box and the circulation pipeline were designed by themselves, and integrated into a complete smoke inhalation and poisoning device to separate the combustion and the poisoning. Choose a certain kind of military airtight indoor 9 kinds of non-metallic materials, according to the actual amount than the combustion of smoke generated after lead to the poisoned by the circulating duct poisoning animals. Forty-two SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n = 7) and three exposure groups. The exposure time was 5 min (n = 7), 10 min (n = 21) and 15 min (n = 7). The concentration of CO and O2 and the content of acid gas in the mixed aerosol were detected. The COHb% in the tail vein blood of the 10 min group rats was measured immediately after the poisoning. The general situation of the animals and the mortality within 7 days were observed. Results The concentration of smoke increased with the prolongation of combustion time, and the concentration of smoke in each repeated test was constant. The degree of poisoning increased with the prolongation of exposure time. COHb% of rats exposed to 10 min of exposure increased significantly Batch animal COHb% repeatability is good. Conclusion The device can successfully simulate the occurrence of aerosol and poisoning in airtight compartments, and the reproducibility of animal exposure to poisoning is better.