煤炭是世界重要的支撑性能源,全球探明的可利用能源中,煤炭占90%以上。我国自改革开放后,煤炭工业发展迅速,产量也不断增长,有力的推动了我国经济的发展。煤炭型工矿企业作为煤炭采掘的主要力量,不但保证了国家生产所需的大部分能源和原材料供给,而且带动了所在区域经济的发展,成为国家经济体系中的重要组成部分。但我们也应看到,在几十年高强度的开采背后,伴随而来的是诸多负面效应:土地资源的破坏和侵占,水体污染,大气粉尘污染,土壤植被破坏性开发,各类地质灾害及次生性灾害,生态退化等。虽然全球科技水平有了长足的进步,但是煤炭产业结构依旧单一,且面临资源枯竭的紧迫局面。这使得我们不得不考虑如何在对煤炭资源进行开发利用的过程中,调动周边资源,尽早寻找替代产业或培育接续产业,寻求多元化发展渠道,延伸产业链终端,实现矿区的可持续发展。 Coal is an important supportive energy source in the world. Coal accounts for more than 90% of the world’s proven available energy. Since the reform and opening up in our country, the coal industry has developed rapidly and the output has also been continuously increasing, which has effectively promoted the economic development of our country. As the main force of coal mining, coal-based industrial and mining enterprises not only ensure the supply of most of the energy and raw materials needed for national production, but also promote the economic development in their respective regions and become an important part of the national economic system. However, we should also see that behind decades of intense mining, there are many negative effects that come with it: destruction and encroachment of land resources, water pollution, atmospheric dust pollution, the destructive development of soil vegetation, and various types of geological disasters And secondary disasters, ecological degradation and so on. Although the world’s scientific and technological level has made great strides, the coal industry structure is still single and is facing a pressing situation of resource depletion. This makes us have to consider how to mobilize the surrounding resources in the process of development and utilization of coal resources, find alternative industries or cultivate succession industries as soon as possible, seek diversified development channels, extend the industrial chain terminals and achieve the sustainable development of mining areas.