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目的:对钦州地区小儿慢性咳嗽病的病因构成进行调查分析。方法:对广西钦州市中医医院儿科收治的慢性咳嗽患儿327例的病因构成、不同病因在不同年龄段的分布以及24h好发时相、居住环境、家庭过敏史、胸部X线片进行调查分析。结果:(1)钦州地区小儿慢性咳嗽的主要病因依次为咳嗽变异性哮(CVA)、呼吸道感染和感染后咳嗽(PIC)、上气道咳嗽综合征(VACS),分别占总调查人数的46.48%、31.80%、18.04%。说明本地区慢性咳嗽患儿咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)相对人数较多,同时呼吸道感染和感染后咳嗽(PIC)所占比例大于上气道咳嗽综合征(UACS)。(2)不同病因慢性咳嗽患儿发病高发年龄不同,CVA和UACS患儿多在3~6岁高发,分别占48.68%、49.15%,PIC患儿多在1~3岁高发,占46.15%。不同病因咳嗽发作时相、居住环境、家庭过敏史、胸部X线片均存在差异。结论:广西钦州地区小儿慢性咳嗽的病因多种多样,以CVA为主。针对区域差异性,临床应针对不同病因采取不同的治疗方案。
Objective: To investigate the etiology of children with chronic cough in Qinzhou. Methods: A total of 327 children with chronic cough admitted to Qinzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Guangxi Province were enrolled in this study. The etiology, pathogenicity, living environment, family history of allergy and chest X-ray were analyzed in 327 patients with different causes of etiology . Results: (1) The main cause of chronic cough in infants in Qinzhou area were CVA, PIC and VACS, accounting for 46.48 %, 31.80%, 18.04%. This indicates that the relative number of cough variant asthma (CVA) in children with chronic cough in this area is relatively high while the proportion of respiratory infections and post-infection coughs (PICs) is greater than that of upper airway cough syndrome (UACS). (2) Children with different causes of chronic cough have a high prevalence of onset. The children with CVA and UACS are most likely to be at 3 to 6 years of age, accounting for 48.68% and 49.15% respectively. Most of the children with PIC are over 1 to 3 years old, accounting for 46.15%. Different causes cough attack phase, living environment, family history of allergy, chest X-ray are different. Conclusion: There are many causes of chronic cough in children in Qinzhou, Guangxi Province, with CVA as the main factor. For regional differences, clinical treatment should be taken for different causes of different treatment options.