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目的对保康县2015年农村饮用水水质不合格因素进行分析,为政府和相关部门提供参考决策。方法依据GB 5750—2006中的规定共采集180份水样,并按GB 5749—2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》判定结果。结果微生物指标、感官与一般化学指标、毒理学指标在丰水期与枯水期差异均无统计学意义(χ2值分别为2.22、3.20、0.13,P>0.05)。地下水与地表水的不合格项中的臭和味、肉眼可见物、p H值、铁、硫酸盐、菌落总数差异无统计学意义(χ2值分别为0.26、1.14、2.06、0.00、0.18、0.24,P>0.05),但色度、浑浊度、氨氮、大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为5.63、8.78、6.34、6.12、4.75,P<0.05)。分散式供水与集中式供水的不合格率差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.58,P<0.05)。结论微生物指标超标比较严重,相关部门应该加强消毒工作。
Objective To analyze the unqualified factors of drinking water quality of rural drinking water in Baokang County in 2015, and provide reference and decision-making for the government and relevant departments. Methods According to the provisions of GB 5750-2006 collected a total of 180 water samples, and according to GB 5749-2006 “drinking water health standards” to determine the results. Results There were no significant differences in the microbiological, sensory, and general chemical and toxicological indices between the wet and dry periods (χ2 = 2.22, 3.20, 0.13, P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in p H value, iron, sulfate and total number of colony in the unqualified items of groundwater and surface water (χ2 = 0.26,1.14,2.06,0.00,0.18,0.24 , P> 0.05), but there was significant difference in chroma, turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, coliform bacteria and heat-resistant coliform bacteria (χ2 = 5.63,8.78,6.34,6.12,4.75, P <0.05). There was a significant difference in the failure rate between decentralized water supply and centralized water supply (χ2 = 7.58, P <0.05). Conclusion Microbiological indicators exceeded the standard more serious, the relevant departments should strengthen disinfection.