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目的 探讨长期接触甲醛对工人健康的影响。方法 从某生物药厂近年体检资料中选择工龄 1年以上接触甲醛和不接触甲醛的作业工人及行政后勤人员 2 0 0例为对象 ,对两组体检结果进行统计分析。结果 长期接触甲醛作业工人 ,神经衰弱和皮肤粘膜刺激症状发生率明显高于对照组 ,两者有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1) ;作业组工人白细胞计数 (4 99± 1 172 )× 10 9/L ,低于对照组 (5 94± 1 5 12 )× 10 9/L(P <0 0 1)。且接触甲醛时间越长 ,这种现象越明显。其他体检结果虽有差异 ,但未见明显异常。结论 长期接触甲醛除导致神经衰弱和皮肤、粘膜刺激症状外 ,可能会导致白细胞数量减少。
Objective To investigate the effects of long-term exposure to formaldehyde on workers’ health. Methods Two hundred and seventy workers, who were exposed to formaldehyde and non-contact formaldehyde for more than one year, were selected from medical records of a biopharmaceutical factory for more than one year. The physical examination results of the two groups were statistically analyzed. Results The incidence of neurasthenia and mucocutaneous irritation in long-term exposed workers was significantly higher than that in control group (P <0.05, P <0.01). The white blood cell count ± 1 172) × 10 9 / L, which was lower than that of the control group (5 94 ± 1 5 12) × 10 9 / L (P 0 01). And the longer contact formaldehyde, the more obvious this phenomenon. Although other physical examination results are different, but no obvious abnormalities. Conclusion Long-term exposure to formaldehyde in addition to leading to neurasthenia and skin, mucous membrane irritation, may lead to a decrease in the number of white blood cells.