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目的:从孝扇草的药材性状、显微特征及紫外光谱特征方面进行鉴定研究,为开发利用该药用植物提供参考依据。方法:采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、正置显微镜及紫外光谱法对孝扇草进行生药学鉴定。结果:孝扇草根皮层及韧皮部均具有乳汁管,茎韧皮部外侧有一列厚壁细胞环带;上下表皮均有气孔分布,平轴式。SEM观察可见气孔散生且取向无规则;保卫细胞表面光滑,上表皮副卫细胞表面光滑或有纹理,纹理与保卫细胞相垂直,下表皮副卫细胞纹理较不规则。紫外光谱扫描有明显的特征吸收峰:乙醇提取物在324 nm处有一吸收峰;氯仿提取物在241 nm、296 nm和316 nm处有吸收峰。结论:在性状、显微及紫外光谱鉴定的基础上,再利用SEM对孝扇草微型态进行鉴定,进一步提高了对其鉴定的准确度。
OBJECTIVE: To identify and study the medicinal properties, microscopic features and ultraviolet spectral characteristics of Xiaoxiao Cao, and to provide a reference for the development and utilization of this medicinal plant. Methods: Pharmacognosy was identified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), vertical microscope and UV spectrophotometry. Results: Both xylem and phloem of xiao fan grass had latex tube. There was a thick walled ring around the phloem of epiphyllous foliage. Both upper and lower epidermis had stomatal distribution and flat axis. SEM observation of stomatal scattered and no rules of orientation; guard cell surface smooth, epithelial adder cells smooth surface or texture, texture and guard cells perpendicular to the lower epidermis, Vice guard cell texture is more irregular. UV spectral scanning has obvious characteristic absorption peak: ethanol extract has an absorption peak at 324 nm; chloroform extract has absorption peak at 241 nm, 296 nm and 316 nm. Conclusion: Based on the characterization, microscopic and UV spectrum identification, the microscopic identification of Xia Fan Fan grass was further analyzed by SEM, which further improved the accuracy of its identification.