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目的了解秦皇岛地区男男性接触者(MSM)性行为特征及人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)等感染状况及其影响因素。方法采用横断面调查,采取“滚雪球”抽样的方法,利用外展干预服务和艾滋病咨询检测(VCT)作为平台,于2010年4月—2012年8月,对在秦皇岛范围内活动的MSM就艾滋病知识态度、VCT知晓情况、高危行为特征进行面对面问卷调查,并采集血样进行HIV﹑丙肝病毒(HCV)及梅毒(TP)抗体血清学检测,对数据进行统计分析。结果有效问卷1 077份,平均年龄(25.9±6.0)岁,主要寻找性伴的途径以网络居多,占58.7%。45.1%的人知晓VCT,38.2%的人知晓并在VCT门诊做过HIV检测。对HIV传播途径知晓率高达90%。90.1%被调查者近6个月有过同性肛交行为,安全套坚持使用比例为39.5%,最近6个月有异性性行为者占25.5%。血清学检测结果显示,HIV抗体初筛阳性率为3.53%,TP血清双阳率为4.46%。与HIV感染率相关的因素包括:是否主要通过互联网寻找性伴﹑正确使用安全套可预防艾滋病的知晓情况﹑近1年曾被诊断性病情况﹑近6月肛交情况(P<0.05)。结论秦皇岛地区MSM对艾滋病防治知识知晓率较高,但VCT知晓并运用率较低;该人群感染属于HIV呈低流行态势,宜以此为锲机,开发针对性的干预模式,如VCT综合干预、网络干预,有效遏制HIV的流行。
Objective To understand the sexual behaviors of MSM and the infection status of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Qinhuangdao area and its influencing factors. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a “snowball” sampling method. Using outreach intervention services and HIV counseling and testing (VCT) as a platform, from April 2010 to August 2012, MSMs operating in Qinhuangdao Face-to-face questionnaires were conducted on HIV / AIDS knowledge, VCT awareness and high-risk behaviors. Blood samples were collected for serological detection of HIV, HCV and TP antibody, and the data were analyzed statistically. Results A total of 1 077 valid questionnaires were collected. The average age was (25.9 ± 6.0) years old. Most of the ways to find partners were internet, accounting for 58.7%. 45.1% knew VCT, 38.2% knew and tested HIV in VCT clinics. The rate of awareness of HIV transmission is as high as 90%. 90.1% of the respondents had homosexual anal intercourse in the past 6 months, the rate of condom use was 39.5%, and that of heterosexual people in the past 6 months was 25.5%. Serological test results showed that HIV antibody screening positive rate was 3.53%, TP serum double positive rate was 4.46%. Factors related to the HIV infection rate include: whether to find partners mainly through the Internet, the proper use of condoms to prevent AIDS awareness, diagnosis of STDs in the past year, and anal sex in the recent 6 months (P <0.05). Conclusion There is a high awareness rate of MSM knowledge about HIV / AIDS prevention and treatment in Qinhuangdao area, but VCT is known and has a low utilization rate. HIV infection in this population is in a low prevalence situation. It is appropriate to develop a targeted intervention model such as VCT comprehensive intervention , Network intervention, effectively curb the HIV epidemic.