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前言散射通信是利用传输介质的不均匀性引起无线电波的再辐射(即所谓散射传播)现象来进行超视距通信的方式。散射通信的单跳距离较远,例如使用超短波段的电离层及流星余迹散射通信,单跳可达一两千公里;使用微波波段的对流层散射通信,单跳可达数百至上千公里,这是散射通信的主要优点。特别需要指出的是对流层散射通信的传播基本上不受太阳黑子、磁暴、极光、雷电尤其是不受核爆炸的影响,加上它的传输容量较大、机动性较好,近年来在军事通信方面得到了较快的发展。
Introduction Scatter communication is a way to make OTH communication by utilizing the phenomenon of radio frequency re-radiation (so-called scatter propagation) caused by the inhomogeneity of the transmission medium. For example, the use of ultrashort-band ionospheric and meteor-scatter communications, single jump up to one or two kilometers; the use of microwave-band tropospheric scatter communications, single-hop up to hundreds of thousands of kilometers, This is the main advantage of scatter communications. In particular, it should be pointed out that the propagation of troposcatter communications is basically immune to sunspots, magnetic storms, aurora, and thunder and lightning, especially from nuclear explosions. Coupled with its large transmission capacity and good maneuverability, in recent years military communications Aspects have been rapid development.