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近年来发现 ,细胞中抑制肿瘤发生、发展的机制除了有Rb ,p5 3等抑癌基因发挥作用外 ,一类CKI分子 (cyclin dependentkinaseinhibitor,细胞周期引擎分子的抑制剂 )也具有非常重要的作用 .在已知的CKIp2 1和p1 6两大家族中 ,p1 5是与p1 6同源性很高的一个CKI分子 ,大量肿瘤以及多种癌细胞系中的调查表明 ,p1 5基因的异常表达 (如缺失、突变和重排等 )在许多肿瘤及癌细胞系中存在 ,并与其中一些肿瘤的发展密切相关 ,这为确定p1 5作为一个新的抑癌基因提供了证据 .在此基础上 ,进一步对p1 5在细胞周期中调控细胞增殖和分化机理的研究发现 :p1 5能抑制一些肿瘤细胞的增殖 ,并可作为细胞生长抑制因子TGF β发挥作用的中介者 ,另外在某些类型细胞的分化过程中 ,p1 5水平的上升与细胞分化表型的出现具有相关性 .这些关于p1 5的研究进展为进一步阐明细胞周期调控及细胞癌变的分子机制提供了线索 ,并可能为p1 5运用于肿瘤的临床治疗提供理论与实验依据
In recent years, it has been found that, in addition to the role of tumor suppressor genes such as Rb and p53, a class of CKI molecules (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors) also play an important role in inhibiting tumorigenesis and development in cells. Among the two known families of CKIp21 and p16, p15 is a CKI molecule with high homology to p16, and investigations in a large number of tumors and a variety of cancer cell lines have revealed abnormal expression of the p15 gene ( Such as deletions, mutations and rearrangements, etc. exist in many tumors and cancer cell lines, and are closely related to the development of some of these tumors. This provides evidence for the identification of p15 as a novel tumor suppressor gene. Based on this, Further studies on the mechanism of p15 regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation in the cell cycle have revealed that p15 can inhibit the proliferation of some tumor cells and may act as a mediator of the cell growth inhibitor TGF beta, and in addition, it may be used in certain types of cells. During the differentiation process, the increase of p15 level is related to the appearance of cell differentiation phenotype. These advances in p1 5 are further elucidation of cell cycle regulation and cell carcinogenesis. The sub-mechanism provides clues and may provide theoretical and experimental evidence for the clinical application of p15 in cancer