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目的分析广西近5年来出生缺陷发生率及其变化情况,为制定出生缺陷干预措施提供依据。方法按照国家出生缺陷监测方案,对2005-2009年广西出生缺陷监测医院的围产儿进行出生缺陷监测,统计分析出生缺陷的发生率(/万)及类别和相关因素。结果 5年来共监测围产儿318 930名,其中出生缺陷儿为6579例,发生率为206.28万/。广西出生缺陷高发依次为胎儿水肿综合征、先天性心脏病、多指(趾)、总唇裂、外耳其他畸形。2005-2009年出生缺陷发生率呈下降趋势。2005-2009年间出生缺陷发生率男性高于女性;多胎高于单胎;其差异均有统计学意义(χ2分别为49.499、341.736,均P<0.000)。结论加强三级预防措施,提高产前诊断技术水平是降低出生缺陷发生率的有效手段。
Objective To analyze the incidence and changes of birth defects in recent 5 years in Guangxi and provide the basis for the development of birth defects interventions. Methods According to the National Birth Defective Monitoring Program, we monitored the birth defects of perinatal children in Guangxi Birth Control Hospital from 2005 to 2009, and analyzed the incidence of birth defects (%) and the categories and related factors. Results During the five years, a total of 318 930 perinatal children were monitored, of whom 6579 were born with a birth defect rate of 2.0628 million. The highest incidence of birth defects in Guangxi followed by fetal edema syndrome, congenital heart disease, multiple fingers (toe), total cleft lip, other deformities of the outer ear. The incidence of birth defects in 2005-2009 showed a downward trend. The incidence of birth defects in 2005-2009 was higher in males than in females; the number of multiple births was higher than that of single births; the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 49.499, 341.736, all P <0.000). Conclusion To strengthen the three preventive measures and improve the level of prenatal diagnosis is an effective way to reduce the incidence of birth defects.