问:吸烟与免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)有关吗?答:据我所知,吸烟未被认为是一个 AIDS 的潜在危险因素。一些流行病学,动物及体外研究均显示吸烟可改变免疫反应。人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)阳性而且是吸烟者,则出现 AIDS 相关情况的危险性增加。例如,感染肺孢小虫肺炎可损害肺局部免疫防御,又可损害全身免疫功能。我未能发现吸烟的流行率与性别间的相关。然 Q: Is smoking associated with immunodeficiency syndrome? A: As far as I know, smoking is not considered a potential risk factor for AIDS. Some epidemiological, animal and in vitro studies have shown that smoking can alter the immune response. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -positive and smokers are at increased risk of developing AIDS-related conditions. For example, infection with pneumocystis pneumoniae can damage the local immune defense of the lungs and can impair systemic immune function. I failed to find a correlation between the prevalence of smoking and gender. Of course