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目的探讨接触二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)对作业工人肝功能的影响,提出预防职业病危害的有关建议。方法根据工厂近几年车间空气中DMF的监测数据,将作业工人分为对照组、低浓度组及高浓度组。收集2010年度4家皮革企业共236名作业工人的健康检查报告涵盖各组研究对象的基本情况:年龄、性别、工龄等),体重、吸烟、饮酒和作业时间等另行问卷调查,对结果进行分析。结果高浓度组消化道症状出现率明显高于对照组,且有从对照组、低浓度组向高浓度组逐渐升高的趋势;低浓度组和高浓度组血清中丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)及γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GT)水平明显高于对照组,高浓度组血清天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)水平高于低浓度组;高浓度组肝脏指数(L iVer index)明显高于对照组和低浓度组。结论接触DMF浓度与时间对人体肝功能影响较大,应通过做好作业岗位通风排毒、限制接触时间来保护作业工人身体健康,同时,根据DMF作用机制,建议规范职业健康监护(周期、项目),做好员工的预防性用药。
Objective To investigate the influence of DMF on the liver function of workers and put forward some suggestions on preventing the harm of occupational diseases. Methods According to the factory monitoring data of DMF in the air in recent years, the workers were divided into control group, low concentration group and high concentration group. A total of 236 workers in four leather factories in 2010 were included in the health examination report, which covered the basic conditions of each group of subjects: age, sex, length of service, etc.), weight, smoking, alcohol consumption and working hours. The questionnaire was conducted to analyze the results . Results The incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms in high concentration group was significantly higher than that in control group, and gradually increased from the control group and the low concentration group to the high concentration group. The concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) And γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) were significantly higher than those in the control group. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level was higher in the high concentration group than in the low concentration group. L iVer index Significantly higher than the control group and low concentration group. Conclusion Exposure to DMF concentration and time have a great effect on human liver function. Ventilation and detoxification should be done well and contact time should be limited to protect the health of workers. At the same time, according to DMF mechanism, it is suggested to regulate occupational health monitoring (cycle, project) , Good staff preventive medication.