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主教练变更对职业运动队战绩影响的研究已有45年的发展历程,至今未见中国大陆学者的研究报告。在过去的16年里,我国足球、篮球、排球等项目相继职业化,需要相关理论以防止此项行为的任意性。通过总结从1964年至今的主要研究结论,为我国学者参与该主题研究奠定理论基础,也为我国职业运动队科学变更主教练提供初步的理论参考。已有的研究结论表明,强队加强球队凝聚力建设,弱队积极提高实力;如果变更主教练是必然选择,应从长远利益考虑,聘请效能高的主教练;变更行为最好在赛季上半程之前完成;对新主教练保持至少1个赛季的信任,因为改造球队需要时间;提高球员、助理教练等球队构成要素的效能具有积极意义。
The impact of head coach changes on the record of professional sports teams has been 45 years of development history, so far no Chinese mainland scholars research report. In the past 16 years, China’s football, basketball, volleyball and other projects have been professionalized, and relevant theories are needed to prevent this behavior from becoming arbitrary. By summarizing the main conclusions of the study from 1964 to the present, laying a theoretical foundation for Chinese scholars to participate in the research of this topic and also providing preliminary theoretical references for the head coach of the professional sports team in science change. The existing research results show that the strong teams strengthen team cohesion construction and the weak teams actively improve their strength. If the change of head coach is an inevitable choice, long-term interests should be considered to hire high-performance coaches. Change is best performed during the first half of the season Before the completion of the new coach to maintain at least one season of confidence because the transformation of the team takes time; improve players, assistant coaches and other team elements of the effectiveness of the positive.